1、拆下燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組氣缸蓋，刮清氣缸套上部的炭灰和油污。

1. Remove the cylinder head of the gas generator set and scrape off the carbon ash and oil stains on the upper part of the cylinder liner.

2、拆下機(jī)體下窗口蓋板，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組曲軸，將要拆下的活塞轉(zhuǎn)到上止點(diǎn)稍后的位置

2. Remove the cover plate of the lower window of the engine body, rotate the crankshaft of the gas generator set, and turn the piston to be removed to a position later than the top dead center

3、拆下連桿螺釘時(shí)，注意用手托住連桿蓋，以防止墜入油底殼內(nèi)，并防止碰傷軸瓦。

3. When removing the connecting rod screws, be careful to hold the connecting rod cap with your hands to prevent it from falling into the oil pan and damaging the bearing shells.

4、從連桿下端將燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組活塞連桿往上推，自氣缸套上口沿氣缸中心線取出活塞連桿，取出時(shí)嚴(yán)防連桿碰傷氣缸套內(nèi)壁。

4. Push the piston connecting rod of the gas generator set upwards from the lower end of the connecting rod, and take out the piston connecting rod from the upper port of the cylinder sleeve along the centerline of the cylinder. When taking out, be careful not to damage the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve by the connecting rod.

5、將活塞放在機(jī)油內(nèi)加熱至100~200°C，取出活塞銷。拆卸燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組活塞后，把連桿軸瓦、連桿蓋和連桿螺釘仍裝到相應(yīng)的連桿體上，并進(jìn)行清洗和檢查配合面的磨耗情況或更換損壞的零件。

5. Heat the piston in engine oil to 100-200 ° C and remove the piston pin. After disassembling the piston of the gas generator set, install the connecting rod bearing shells, connecting rod caps, and connecting rod screws onto the corresponding connecting rod body, and clean and inspect the wear of the mating surface or replace damaged parts.

燃?xì)獍l(fā)電技術(shù)成熟的工藝有：燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)發(fā)電、蒸氣輪機(jī)發(fā)電、燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)發(fā)電，下面針對(duì)三種發(fā)電方式進(jìn)行比較。

The mature processes of gas power generation technology include gas turbine power generation, steam turbine power generation, and gas internal combustion engine power generation. Below, we will compare the three power generation methods.

1.蒸汽輪機(jī)發(fā)電：

1. Steam turbine power generation:

這是一個(gè)非常傳統(tǒng)的技術(shù)，也是大家比較熟悉的工藝方式。它是采用鍋爐來(lái)直接燃燒燃?xì)猓瑢⑷細(xì)獾臒崮芡ㄟ^(guò)鍋爐內(nèi)的管束把水轉(zhuǎn)換為蒸汽，利用蒸汽推動(dòng)蒸汽輪機(jī)再驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電。系統(tǒng)的主要設(shè)備是燃?xì)馊紵?、鍋爐本體、化學(xué)水系統(tǒng)、給水系統(tǒng)、蒸汽輪機(jī)、冷凝器、冷卻塔、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、變壓器和控制系燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組統(tǒng)，工藝流程比較復(fù)雜。

This is a very traditional technology and a familiar process method. It uses a boiler to directly burn gas, converting the heat energy of the gas into steam through the tube bundle inside the boiler. The steam is then used to drive the steam turbine and then drive the generator to generate electricity. The main equipment of the system is a gas burner, boiler body, chemical water system, feedwater system, steam turbine, condenser, cooling tower, engine, transformer, and control system gas generator system, and the process flow is relatively complex.

蒸汽輪機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)組運(yùn)行熱效率較低，但運(yùn)行可靠、機(jī)組壽命長(zhǎng)、燃?xì)獠恍杼厥獾膬艋幚硎瞧鋬?yōu)點(diǎn)。它所需要的是對(duì)鍋爐用水的軟化處理，鍋爐房較大的土建投資加大了土建投資。只有當(dāng)產(chǎn)氣量特別大，且供氣年限長(zhǎng)的情況下，才選擇汽輪機(jī)發(fā)電。

The thermal efficiency of steam turbine generator units is relatively low, but their advantages include reliable operation, long unit life, and no need for special purification treatment of gas. What it requires is the softening treatment of boiler water, and the larger civil construction investment in the boiler room has increased the civil construction investment. Only when the gas production is particularly large and the gas supply period is long, steam turbine power generation is chosen.

優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：

The advantages are:

對(duì)于燃料氣體品質(zhì)要求比較低，只要燃?xì)馊紵髂軌虺惺艿臍怏w，一般都可以適應(yīng)，燃?xì)庵恍枰邢薜膲毫?，因而燃?xì)馓幚硐到y(tǒng)投資比較簡(jiǎn)單。

For fuel gas, the quality requirements are relatively low. As long as the gas burner can withstand the gas, it can generally adapt. Gas only requires limited pressure, so the investment in gas treatment systems is relatively simple.

缺點(diǎn)是：

The disadvantage is:

工藝復(fù)雜，建設(shè)周期比較長(zhǎng)，難以再移動(dòng)，必須消耗大量的水資源，占地比較多，管理人員也比較多，小機(jī)組能源利用效率太低，通常不到15％。

The process is complex, the construction period is relatively long, and it is difficult to move again. It requires a large amount of water resources, occupies a large area, and has many management personnel. The energy utilization efficiency of small units is too low, usually less than 15%.

2.燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)發(fā)電：

2. Gas turbine power generation:

從工作原理上看，燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)無(wú)疑是適合燃?xì)饫玫墓に嚰夹g(shù)之一。燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)是從飛機(jī)噴氣式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的技術(shù)演變而來(lái)的，它通過(guò)壓氣機(jī)渦輪將空氣壓縮，高壓空氣在燃燒室與燃料混合燃燒，是空氣急劇膨脹做功，推動(dòng)動(dòng)力渦輪旋轉(zhuǎn)做功驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電，因?yàn)槭切D(zhuǎn)持續(xù)做功，可以利用熱值比較低的燃料氣體。燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)自身的發(fā)電效率不算很高，大功率的一般在30％～35％之間，小功率（單機(jī)功率4000KW）的一般低于24％，但是產(chǎn)生的廢熱煙氣溫度高達(dá)450～550℃。

From the perspective of working principle, gas turbine is undoubtedly one of the suitable process technologies for gas utilization. Gas turbine is an evolution of aircraft jet engine technology. It compresses air through a compressor turbine, and high-pressure air mixes with fuel in the combustion chamber for combustion. The air rapidly expands to do work, driving the power turbine to rotate and drive the generator to generate electricity. Because it continues to do work, it can utilize fuel gases with lower calorific values. The power generation efficiency of gas turbines themselves is not very high, with high-power ones generally between 30% and 35%, and low-power ones (with a single unit power of 4000KW) generally below 24%. However, the generated waste heat flue gas temperature can reach as high as 450-550 ℃.

燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)是常用的燃?xì)鈩?dòng)力機(jī)械。沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是運(yùn)行可靠，燃料混合氣在燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)的燃燒室里燃燒，利用渦輪機(jī)動(dòng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)，帶動(dòng)發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電；結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、緊湊，較小功率的整套機(jī)組可以裝在一個(gè)大型集裝箱內(nèi)；比之燃煤或燃?xì)忮仩t占地少，節(jié)省基建投資。

Gas turbines are commonly used gas powered machinery. The advantage of a biogas generator set is its reliable operation. The fuel mixture is burned in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, and the turbine power is used to drive the generator to generate electricity; The structure is simple and compact, and a small power unit can be installed in a large container; Compared to coal-fired or gas boilers, it occupies less land and saves infrastructure investment.

燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)特點(diǎn)是：

The characteristics of gas turbines are:

1.重量輕、體積小。燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)電廠的金屬消耗量約為同功率汽輪機(jī)電廠的1/3-1/5，因此基建投資省，建設(shè)周期短。

1. Lightweight and small in size. The metal consumption of gas turbine electromechanical plants is about 1/3-1/5 of that of steam turbine electromechanical plants of the same power, so the infrastructure investment is low and the construction period is short.

2.水、電潤(rùn)滑油消耗少。燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)耗水極少，甚至可以不用水，廠自用水也很少，許多機(jī)組可以無(wú)電源起動(dòng)，潤(rùn)滑油消耗量也比汽輪機(jī)或內(nèi)燃機(jī)少得多。因此，適用于缺水、缺電的地區(qū)。

2. Low consumption of water and electric lubricating oil. Gas turbines consume very little water, and can even be used without water. The water used by the factory is also very small. Many units can start without power, and the consumption of lubricating oil is much less than that of steam turbines or internal combustion engines. Therefore, it is suitable for areas lacking water and electricity.

3.起動(dòng)快、自動(dòng)化程度高。工業(yè)燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)從冷態(tài)啟動(dòng)、加速，直至帶上滿負(fù)荷，一般只需3-15分鐘。現(xiàn)代燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)多數(shù)已應(yīng)用微機(jī)控制，可以程序起動(dòng)或停機(jī)，集中控制或遙控，運(yùn)行維修方便，甚至可以無(wú)人運(yùn)行。

3. Fast start-up and high degree of automation. Industrial gas turbines typically only take 3-15 minutes from cold start, acceleration, to full load. Most modern gas turbines have been controlled by microcomputers, which can be programmed to start or stop, centrally controlled or remotely controlled, making them easy to operate and maintain, and even capable of unmanned operation.

4.可以綜合利用余熱，大幅度提高能源利用率?，F(xiàn)在燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)的排氣溫度一般為450-600℃，加之排氣流量比較大，蘊(yùn)含著大量適合綜合利用的優(yōu)質(zhì)能源，如加裝余熱鍋爐，組成燃?xì)?蒸汽聯(lián)合循環(huán)，則總功率可以增加1/3-1/2，也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)熱電聯(lián)供或熱電冷三聯(lián)供，使能源利用率提高到80％以上。

4. It can comprehensively utilize waste heat and significantly improve energy utilization efficiency. Nowadays, the exhaust temperature of gas turbines is generally between 450-600 ℃, and with a relatively large exhaust flow rate, it contains a large amount of high-quality energy suitable for comprehensive utilization. For example, installing a waste heat boiler to form a gas steam combined cycle can increase the total power by one-third to half, and can also achieve cogeneration or cogeneration, increasing the energy utilization rate to over 80%.

3.燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)發(fā)電：

3. Gas internal combustion engine power generation:

世界上第一臺(tái)內(nèi)燃機(jī)就是以天然氣發(fā)電機(jī)組煤氣為燃料的內(nèi)燃機(jī)，1876年德國(guó)商人兼機(jī)械師奧托發(fā)明了人類第一臺(tái)以煤氣為燃料的四沖程內(nèi)燃機(jī)，經(jīng)過(guò)10年的不斷改進(jìn)之后，德國(guó)的另一個(gè)機(jī)械師“奔馳汽車之父”戴姆勒?本茨才將這種四沖程發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)改進(jìn)為汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，直到1895年狄塞爾才發(fā)明出柴油機(jī)。燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)的工作原理基本與汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)無(wú)異，需要火花塞點(diǎn)火，由于內(nèi)燃機(jī)氣缸內(nèi)的核心區(qū)域工作溫度可以達(dá)到1400℃，使其效率大大超過(guò)了蒸汽輪機(jī)和燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)。燃?xì)鈨?nèi)燃機(jī)的發(fā)電效率通常在30％－40％之間，比較常見(jiàn)的機(jī)型一般可以達(dá)到35％。像小功率的沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組，瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組，天然氣發(fā)電機(jī)組等燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組采用內(nèi)燃機(jī)的比較常見(jiàn)。

The world's first internal combustion engine was one that used natural gas as fuel for a generator set. In 1876, German businessman and mechanic Otto invented the first four stroke internal combustion engine that used gas as fuel. After 10 years of continuous improvement, another German mechanic, Daimler, became known as the father of Mercedes Benz cars? Benz improved this four stroke engine to a gasoline engine, and it was not until 1895 that Diesel was invented. The working principle of gas internal combustion engines is basically the same as that of automotive engines, requiring spark plug ignition. Due to the working temperature of the core area in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine reaching 1400 ℃, its efficiency greatly exceeds that of steam and gas turbines. The power generation efficiency of gas internal combustion engines is usually between 30% and 40%, and common models can generally reach 35%. It is common for gas generators such as low-power biogas generators, gas generators, and natural gas generators to use internal combustion engines.